Successful governance mechanisms in the context of forests and climate change should address key issues such as unclear land tenure rights and benefit sharing mechanisms as well as weak governance in order to be sustainable. To do this, social inclusion and equity – clear and strong rights, good governance, fair benefit sharing from forest resources, gender mainstreaming, opportunities for learning about new knowledge and empowerment – need to be considered, particularly to address the persistent risk of marginalizing forest-dependent communities in the planning and implementation of related policies and projects.